This study was aimed to analyse the intestinal mucosal response to a foodborne disease by Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) during the early puerperium. BALB/c mice were treated with streptomycin at day 2 postpartum. 24 hs later mice were inoculated with 10³ CFU of SE intragastrically. At day 3 post infection (pi), bacterial loads, tight junctions and inflammatory cytokines expression were analysed by qPCR. Results showed that SE ingestion evoked 86% host fatality in puerperal females at 5 days pi. In contrast mortality rate in infected virgin mice was 20%. This adverse maternal outcome is correlated with a disruption of the intestinal barrier, massive bacterial organs colonization and bacteremia. The expression of claudin-4 and zonule occludens-1 was significantly lower in infected mothers compared to the controls (p <0.05). In contrast, claudin-2 and claudin-15 levels were significantly increased in infected parturients respect to controls (p <0.05). Also, levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-6 in gut of infected puerperal females were significantly higher than control mice (p <0.01). Taken together, SE enterocolitis during early stages of puerperium causes an intensified intestinal inflammatory response that disrupts the maternal intestinal barrier inducing systemic dissemination.